Acids and Bases Flashcards

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Note: We may include questions that have multiple correct answers. It's useful to remember specific examples to understand these concepts better.

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What is an acid in water?

A substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.

What is a base?

A substance that can neutralise an acid, often a metal oxide or metal hydroxide.

What is an alkali?

A base that dissolves in water to give hydroxide ions (OH-).

What is the difference between a base and an alkali?

An alkali is a soluble base. Some bases are not soluble in water.

Name three common laboratory acids.

Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid.

Name two common alkalis used in the lab.

Sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.

What does (aq) mean after a formula, like HCl(aq)?

It means the substance is dissolved in water. It is an aqueous solution.

Which types of compounds are often bases?

Metal oxides and metal hydroxides.

Give one example of a base that is not an alkali.

Copper(II) oxide. It does not dissolve in water.

How do you dilute an acid safely?

Add acid to water slowly while stirring. Never add water to acid.

Do acid and alkali solutions conduct electricity? Why?

Yes. They conduct because they contain ions that can move.

What does the corrosive hazard symbol warn you about for acids and alkalis?

They can burn skin and damage eyes and materials. Wear goggles and take care.