Transpiration Flashcards

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What is transpiration?

The loss of water vapour from a plant's leaves through the stomata.

The movement of water from the roots, up the xylem, to the leaves.

Xylem carries water and mineral ions from the roots to the leaves.

Water enters root hair cells by osmosis. It moves up xylem to the leaves. It evaporates from leaf cells and diffuses out through stomata.

Stomata let gases and water vapour move. Guard cells swell to open them and shrink to close them.

It pulls water up for photosynthesis, moves mineral ions, keeps cells turgid, and cools the leaf.

Higher light makes stomata open for photosynthesis, so transpiration rate increases.

Higher temperature makes water evaporate faster from leaves, so the rate goes up.

High humidity reduces the difference in water vapour between the leaf and the air, so transpiration slows down.

Wind removes moist air around the leaf, so the difference is bigger and transpiration speeds up.

A potometer. It measures the rate of water uptake by a cut shoot.

Not all water taken up is lost by transpiration; some is used by the plant or stored, and there may be leaks.