Biodiversity in Tropical Rainforests Flashcards

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What percentage of the world’s animal species are estimated to be found in Tropical Rainforests (TRFs)?

It is estimated that 50 to 80% of the world’s animal species are found within Tropical Rainforests.

Why do Tropical Rainforests have such high biodiversity?

The wet and warm climate leads to constant plant growth, promoting biodiversity. Also, the nutrient cycling and limited human interference support diverse ecosystems.

Give some examples of plant adaptations for survival in Tropical Rainforests?

• Lianas: Woody vines that climb trees to reach sunlight.
• Tree Trunks: Tall and thin for rapid upward growth.
• Buttress Roots: Large roots above ground for support.
• Epiphytes: Plants living on tree branches, gathering nutrients from decomposing material.
• Drip Tips: Pointy leaves to quickly shed water and prevent fungal growth.

Give some examples of animal adaptations for survival in Tropical Rainforests?

• Toucan: Long bill to cut fruit and break nuts.
• Stick Insects: Camouflage as sticks to hide from predators.
• Poison Dart Frog: Bright colours to warn predators of its poison.
• Spider Monkeys: Adapted to live in the canopy, away from ground predators.

What is the canopy in a Tropical Rainforest?

The canopy is the second highest level of the rainforest, receiving a lot of sunlight. It’s a site of intense competition for light and space among trees and plants, and it serves as a habitat for diverse wildlife.

Define “Nutrient Cycling” in the context of a Tropical Rainforest.

Nutrient Cycling is the cyclical process that moves nutrients from the physical environment to living organisms and back to the environment, essential for plant growth in TRFs.

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