Lend-Lease and Wartime Industry Flashcards

What was the Lend-Lease Act and when was it passed?

It was a US law passed in March 1941. It let the president lend or lease weapons and supplies to countries vital to US defence.

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Why did the USA bring in Lend-Lease?

To help Britain and other Allies fight the Axis without joining the war at first.

What types of goods were sent under Lend-Lease?

Food, fuel, raw materials, ships, planes, tanks, trucks and guns.

About how much aid did Lend-Lease provide by 1945?

About $50 billion of goods.

What did Reverse Lend-Lease mean?

Allied nations gave supplies and services to US forces, such as bases, repairs and food.

What was the 1939 Cash-and-Carry policy?

It let countries buy US arms if they paid cash and carried the goods in their own ships.

What was the 1940 Destroyers for Bases deal?

The USA gave Britain 50 old destroyers in return for 99-year leases on bases in British territories.

What did Roosevelt mean by calling the USA the arsenal of democracy?

America would make the weapons needed by democracies to fight dictators.

What was the War Production Board (WPB) set up to do in 1942?

To direct wartime industry: set targets, share out raw materials and switch factories to war goods.

What were cost-plus contracts?

The government paid a firm’s costs plus a set profit, which encouraged fast, mass production.

How did wartime industry change what factories made?

Civilian plants switched to war goods, for example car factories made tanks and planes.

How did wartime industry affect jobs in the USA?

It created millions of jobs and cut unemployment to around 1% by 1944.

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