French Rule in Indochina and Resistance Flashcards

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What was 'French Indochina'?

It was a French colony in South-East Asia. It included Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia.

By the late 1800s, how did France control Vietnam?

France used its army and navy to defeat Vietnamese rulers. By 1887 Vietnam was joined to French Indochina.

Why was Vietnam important to France's economy?

Vietnam supplied raw materials like rice, rubber and coal. It also bought French goods, so it was a useful market.

How did French rule affect many Vietnamese peasants?

They paid high taxes and rent on their land. Many worked on French plantations for very low wages.

In this topic, what does 'nationalism' mean?

It is the belief that Vietnam should rule itself. Nationalists wanted to end foreign, especially French, control.

Who was Ho Chi Minh?

He was a Vietnamese nationalist and communist leader. He became the main leader of resistance to French rule.

What was the Viet Minh?

It was a resistance group set up in 1941. Its full name meant 'League for the Independence of Vietnam'.

What were the main aims of the Viet Minh?

They wanted Vietnam to be free from French rule. During the war they also fought against Japanese control.

How did the Second World War weaken French rule in Vietnam?

Japan took control of Vietnam in 1940. This reduced French power in the country and helped the Viet Minh grow.

What did the Viet Minh do in 1945 after Japan surrendered?

They seized control of many towns in the 'August Revolution'. On 2 September 1945 Ho Chi Minh declared an independent Vietnam in Hanoi.

Why did fighting break out between France and the Viet Minh after 1945?

France wanted to rebuild its empire in Indochina. The Viet Minh refused French rule and fought for full independence.

What was the First Indochina War?

It was a war from 1946 to 1954. France fought the Viet Minh over who would control Vietnam.