The Sudeten Crisis and Munich Agreement Flashcards

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What and where was the Sudetenland in 1938?

The Sudetenland was a border area of Czechoslovakia with many German speakers. It lay next to Germany and had key industry and forts.

Why did Hitler want to take the Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia?

He said he wanted to unite German-speaking people with Germany. He also wanted to weaken Czechoslovakia and gain its industry and defences.

What was the Sudeten Crisis of 1938?

It was a clash over Hitler’s demand for the Sudetenland. Europe feared war as Czechoslovakia refused to give up its land and Hitler threatened to invade.

How did Chamberlain first try to settle the Sudeten Crisis in September 1938?

He flew to meet Hitler and agreed in principle that areas with many Germans could join Germany. He hoped this deal would avoid war.

What was decided at the Munich Conference on 29–30 September 1938?

Britain, France, Germany and Italy agreed that Germany could take the Sudetenland. Czechoslovakia was forced to accept this and got no help to resist.

Which countries attended the Munich Conference, and which were left out?

Britain, France, Germany and Italy attended the talks. Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union were not invited.

Why did Chamberlain sign the Munich Agreement?

He believed giving Hitler the Sudetenland would satisfy him and stop a war. He also knew Britain was not yet ready for a major fight.

What famous phrase did Chamberlain use after returning from Munich?

He said the agreement brought peace for our time. Many in Britain cheered because they thought war had been avoided.

How did the Munich Agreement affect Czechoslovakia?

It lost the Sudetenland, which held most of its border forts and much industry. This left the rest of the country weak and hard to defend.

How did Hitler break the promises made at Munich?

In March 1939 he sent German troops to take over the rest of Czechoslovakia. This showed he wanted more than just uniting German speakers.

Why was the Munich Agreement important in the road to war?

It delayed war and let Britain rearm, but it also encouraged Hitler to take more risks. After he broke it, Britain began to stand up to him more firmly.