Imperialism and Colonial Competition Flashcards

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What is imperialism?

Imperialism is when a strong country controls weaker countries, often as colonies, to gain power and wealth.

What is a colony?

A colony is a land ruled by another country. The ruling country controls its government, trade and resources.

Why did European powers want colonies before 1914?

They wanted raw materials, new markets to sell goods, military bases, and more power and prestige in the world.

Which two countries had the biggest empires around 1900?

Britain and France had the biggest empires, ruling large areas in Africa, Asia and other parts of the world.

Why was Germany unhappy about its empire before 1914?

Germany’s empire was smaller than Britain’s and France’s. Many Germans felt their country deserved a bigger empire and a ‘place in the sun’.

What was Germany’s policy of Weltpolitik?

Weltpolitik was Germany’s foreign policy to become a world power by building colonies and a strong navy to protect them.

What was the Scramble for Africa?

The Scramble for Africa was a rush in the late 1800s when European powers took control of most of Africa to build empires.

How did imperialism cause tension between Britain and Germany?

Germany tried to build a larger empire and navy, which worried Britain. Both feared the other might threaten their colonies and trade.

What happened in the First Moroccan Crisis (1905–1906)?

Germany challenged France’s plans to control Morocco. A conference backed France, and Germany was humiliated. Britain and France grew closer.

What happened in the Second Moroccan (Agadir) Crisis (1911)?

Germany sent a gunboat to Agadir in Morocco to challenge France. Britain feared a German naval base there. France gained control of Morocco, and tension with Germany increased.

How did imperialism help cause the First World War?

Rival empires led to clashes, like the Moroccan crises. This increased distrust and anger between the great powers, making war more likely.