The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Russia’s Withdrawal Flashcards

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Why did the Bolshevik government want to take Russia out of the First World War in 1917?

Because the war had caused huge losses, food shortages and unrest, and they had promised to bring peace to the people.

What was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?

It was a peace treaty that ended the war between Bolshevik Russia and the Central Powers in the First World War.

When was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk signed?

It was signed on 3 March 1918.

Which two sides agreed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?

Bolshevik Russia on one side, and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and Turkey) on the other side.

What happened to Russia's territory under the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?

Russia had to give up huge areas of land in the west, including parts of Poland and Ukraine and the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

How did the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk affect Russia's economy?

Russia lost many of its richest farming and industrial areas, which badly weakened its economy.

Why did many Russians see the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk as a humiliation?

Because Russia lost vast areas of land, people and resources and had to accept very harsh terms.

Why did Lenin accept the harsh terms of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?

He thought Russia had to leave the war at any cost so he could keep Bolshevik power and deal with problems inside Russia.

What happened on the Eastern Front after the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?

Fighting between Russia and the Central Powers stopped, and German troops no longer had to fight in the east.

How did Russia's withdrawal from the war help Germany in 1918?

It allowed Germany to move many soldiers from the Eastern Front to the Western Front for a big attack on the Allies.