China Becomes Communist, 1949 Flashcards

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Who led the Chinese Communists and who led the Nationalists after 1945?

The Communists were led by Mao Zedong and the Nationalists were led by Chiang Kai-shek.

What is meant by the Chinese Civil War?

It was a war inside China between the Nationalists and the Communists for control of the country.

How did the Second World War affect the Chinese Civil War?

The two sides paused fighting to resist Japan, but after Japan’s defeat in 1945 the civil war restarted.

Give one reason why many peasants in China supported the Communists.

The Communists promised land reform and fairer treatment for poor peasants.

Give one weakness of the Nationalist government that helped the Communists win.

The Nationalist government was seen as corrupt and it failed to deal with poverty and high prices.

What new state did Mao Zedong declare in October 1949?

He declared the People’s Republic of China, a Communist state on the Chinese mainland.

What happened to Chiang Kai-shek and the Nationalists after 1949?

They fled to the island of Taiwan and set up a rival government there.

How did the USA react to China becoming Communist in 1949?

The USA saw it as the “loss of China”, refused to recognise the new Communist government, and continued to support Chiang Kai-shek on Taiwan.

How did the USSR react to China becoming Communist in 1949?

The USSR quickly recognised the People’s Republic of China and saw it as a major gain for world Communism.

Why did China becoming Communist in 1949 increase Cold War tension in Asia?

The USA feared Communism was spreading across Asia and became more determined to stop it in nearby countries.