Roles of Kennedy, Khrushchev and Castro Flashcards

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Who was the President of the USA during the Cuban Missile Crisis and what was his main role?

John F. Kennedy was the US President. He led the American response and chose a naval blockade instead of an air strike or invasion.

Who was the leader of the Soviet Union during the Cuban Missile Crisis and what key decision did he make?

Nikita Khrushchev led the Soviet Union. He ordered nuclear missiles to be placed in Cuba.

Who was the leader of Cuba during the Cuban Missile Crisis and why was he important?

Fidel Castro was the leader of Cuba. He allowed the Soviet Union to build missile bases in Cuba and prepared to defend the island from the USA.

What action did Kennedy order to stop more Soviet missiles reaching Cuba?

Kennedy ordered a naval blockade, which he called a “quarantine”, to stop Soviet ships bringing more missiles to Cuba.

How did Kennedy use talks and letters to help end the Cuban Missile Crisis?

Kennedy replied carefully to Khrushchev’s letters, accepted the first offer in public, and made a secret deal to remove US missiles from Turkey.

What did Khrushchev hope to gain by putting nuclear missiles in Cuba?

Khrushchev wanted to protect Cuba from US attack, reduce the US nuclear advantage, and gain bargaining power over issues like Berlin.

What did Khrushchev offer in his first and second letters to Kennedy?

In his first letter, he offered to remove missiles from Cuba if the USA promised not to invade Cuba. In his second letter, he also demanded that US missiles in Turkey be removed.

How did Castro respond to the US blockade and threat of invasion during the crisis?

Castro put Cuban forces on full alert, prepared for a possible US invasion, and urged the Soviets not to give in to American pressure.

How did Castro feel about the final agreement between Kennedy and Khrushchev?

Castro was angry because he was not consulted. He felt betrayed and still feared a future US attack on Cuba.

How did the actions of Kennedy and Khrushchev show they both wanted to avoid nuclear war?

Kennedy chose a blockade and talks instead of bombing Cuba, and Khrushchev agreed to withdraw the missiles. Both backed away from direct war.

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