Why Money and Religion Caused Conflict With Parliament Flashcards

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Why was Charles II usually short of money during his reign?

The income Parliament voted him in 1660 was too low and hard to collect, while wars and court spending cost more than he received.

Why did Charles II need Parliament when he wanted to raise extra money?

Only Parliament could agree to new taxes on the whole country, so the king had to call them if he needed more money for war or debts.

How did MPs use money to put pressure on Charles II?

They sometimes refused to grant new taxes until Charles agreed to their demands, such as changing ministers or his religious policy.

What was the hearth tax and why did it cause bad feeling?

It was a tax on every fireplace in a house, seen as nosy and unfair, and it still did not raise enough money to solve the king’s problems.

How did wars with the Dutch make money tensions with Parliament worse?

The wars were very costly, and when battles went badly MPs blamed waste and refused more money unless the king accepted their advice.

Why did many people in Parliament fear Catholicism?

England had become Protestant, and many MPs linked Catholicism with foreign enemies, harsh rule, and plots to destroy their religion and freedoms.

Why did Charles II’s family increase fears about religion in Parliament?

His brother James became openly Catholic, and his wife Catherine of Braganza was Catholic, so MPs worried that the court favoured Catholicism.

What was the Declaration of Indulgence in 1672 and why did Parliament dislike it?

It was a royal order that allowed Catholics and Protestant dissenters (Protestants not in the Church of England) to worship more freely, which MPs said broke their laws and helped Catholics.

How did the Test Act of 1673 show a clash between king and Parliament over religion?

Parliament forced Charles to accept a law that people in government jobs had to take Anglican communion and reject Catholic beliefs, which pushed Catholics like James out of important posts.

What was the Stop of the Exchequer in 1672 and how did it affect trust in the king?

Charles stopped the Exchequer (the royal treasury) from paying back loans to London bankers because he had no money, which damaged trust in his finances and worried MPs.

What was the Treaty of Dover (1670) and why did it worry Parliament?

It was a secret deal where France paid Charles money if he helped in a war with the Dutch and promised to favour Catholics, making MPs fear French and Catholic influence.

How were money problems and religion linked in causing conflict between Charles II and Parliament?

Money shortages pushed Charles to seek cash from France and to bargain with Parliament, while MPs used control of taxes to demand strict Protestant rules, which clashed with the king’s wish to help Catholics and dissenters.

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