How the Second and Third Dutch Wars Changed England’s Position at Sea Flashcards

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Who were England's main rivals at sea in the Second and Third Dutch Wars?

England's main rivals were the Dutch, who had the biggest trade fleet in Europe.

What was England trying to change by starting the Second Dutch War in 1665?

England wanted to break Dutch control of sea trade and win more shipping and colonies.

How did the Raid on the Medway in 1667 affect England's position at sea?

The Dutch sailed up the River Medway in Kent and burned English warships. This showed England's navy was weak and badly funded.

What did the Treaty of Breda (1667) show about who led world trade at sea?

The treaty let England keep New York in North America. But the Dutch kept control of richer Asian trade, so they still led.

How did defeat in the Second Dutch War push England to change its navy?

The shock of defeat made the king and Parliament spend more on warships. They also began to plan for a stronger, permanent navy.

Why did Charles II join France to fight the Dutch in the Third Dutch War (1672–1674)?

He hoped that, with French help, England could crush Dutch sea power. He also wanted a share of Dutch trade and colonies.

Why did the Third Dutch War fail to make England the strongest sea power?

Most sea battles were draws. The Dutch blocked any invasion, so England made peace without gaining clear control.

How did Parliament's actions in the Third Dutch War affect England's role at sea?

Parliament refused to pay for a long war. Charles II then ended it, and England focused on trade, not conquest.

After peace with the Dutch in 1674, which country became England's main rival at sea?

France became the main rival. Its navy grew stronger, and England often worked with the Dutch instead.

By 1685, how had the Second and Third Dutch Wars changed England's position at sea overall?

England was still not the top sea power, but it now had a larger, more professional navy ready to compete.