Anti-Catholicism and Fear of “Popery” Flashcards

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In Restoration England, what did people mean by the word “Popery”?

“Popery” was a rude word Protestants used for the beliefs and practices of the Catholic Church and its followers.

Why did many English Protestants dislike Catholicism by 1660?

They saw Catholicism as a threat to the Protestant Church, the power of Parliament, and their freedoms, based on bad memories of earlier events.

How did the rule of Mary I (1553–1558) help to create fear of Catholics?

Mary I was a Catholic who burned hundreds of Protestants, so later people feared a Catholic ruler would again persecute Protestants.

How did the Spanish Armada and the Gunpowder Plot add to anti-Catholic feeling?

The Spanish Armada and the Gunpowder Plot were Catholic attacks or plots against England, so they made Catholics seem disloyal and dangerous.

Why did many people in Restoration England link Catholicism with absolute monarchy?

They saw strong Catholic kings in Europe, like the king of France, ruling without parliaments, so they feared a Catholic king in England would ignore Parliament too.

Why did Catholic countries like France and Spain worry the English?

They were powerful Catholic states that had fought England before, so people feared they might help English Catholics to change the religion of the country.

In Restoration England, what was a recusant?

A recusant was someone, usually a Catholic, who refused to attend Church of England services and often had to pay fines.

How many Catholics were there in England compared to Protestants, and why were they still feared?

Catholics were a small minority, but many Protestants feared they were secretly plotting with foreign powers and might try to overturn Protestant rule.

How did anti-Catholic fears affect the laws against Catholics?

Catholics faced fines, limits on holding public office and pressure to attend Anglican services, because many people saw them as a security risk.

How did fear of “Popery” make people react to rumours of Catholic plots?

Because many already feared Catholics, they were quick to believe stories of Catholic plots, even when there was little or no real proof.