How Lanfranc Reformed the English Church Flashcards

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Who was Lanfranc and what role did he take in 1070?

Lanfranc was a Norman monk and scholar. In 1070 William I made him Archbishop of Canterbury to reform the English Church.

Why did William I replace Archbishop Stigand with Lanfranc?

Stigand was seen as corrupt because he held more than one church job and had got posts in the wrong way. William chose Lanfranc to clean up the Church and make it more obedient.

How did Lanfranc change who led the English Church?

Lanfranc removed most Anglo-Saxon bishops and abbots and replaced them with Normans. This meant church leaders were loyal to William and followed Norman ideas of reform.

What new church hierarchy did Lanfranc create?

Lanfranc set up a clear chain of command: king, then Archbishop of Canterbury, then Archbishop of York, then bishops, archdeacons and parish priests. This made control of the Church stronger and more organised.

How did Lanfranc make Canterbury more important than York?

Lanfranc argued that Canterbury should be the leading archbishopric in England. In 1072 a church council agreed that Canterbury had ‘primacy’ over York, giving Lanfranc more power.

What were church councils and how did Lanfranc use them?

Church councils were meetings of bishops and other churchmen. Lanfranc held them often to pass new rules, improve discipline and spread Norman reforms across England.

What is simony and how did Lanfranc try to stop it?

Simony is buying or selling church jobs for money. Lanfranc made rules against simony and removed churchmen who had gained posts this way.

What is pluralism and what did Lanfranc do about it?

Pluralism is when one priest or bishop holds several church jobs at the same time. Lanfranc tried to end this by making clergy give up extra posts so they could focus on one job.

How did Lanfranc change the behaviour expected of priests?

Lanfranc wanted priests to live more holy lives. He pushed for priestly celibacy, so priests could not marry, and he banned some types of bad behaviour, like drunkenness.

How did Lanfranc change the areas that bishops controlled?

Lanfranc helped move some bishop’s centres, called sees, from small or rural places to bigger towns, such as from Selsey to Chichester. This made bishops easier to reach and improved control of the Church.

How did Lanfranc reform monasteries in England?

Lanfranc brought English monasteries under stricter Benedictine rules. He improved discipline, encouraged learning and linked English houses more closely to Norman monasteries.

How did Lanfranc’s reforms help Norman control of England?

By putting Norman leaders in charge and tightening church discipline, Lanfranc made the Church support William I. The reformed Church helped to spread Norman rule and ideas across England.

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