The End of the Cold War and Changing Migration Patterns Flashcards

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What was the Cold War?

It was a long period of tension after 1945 between the USA and the Soviet Union. The two sides were rivals but did not fight each other directly.

Which 1989 event in Germany symbolised the end of the Cold War divide in Europe?

The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989.

What was meant by the 'Iron Curtain' in Europe during the Cold War?

The Iron Curtain was the line dividing communist Eastern Europe from Western Europe. It included strict border controls that stopped most people crossing.

How did the end of the Cold War affect border controls in Eastern Europe?

Communist governments collapsed and the Iron Curtain came down. Many fences and walls were removed, so people could cross borders more easily.

Why did more people from Eastern Europe want to move west after 1989?

Life was often hard in the East, with fewer jobs and lower pay. People hoped for better wages, living standards and freedom in the West.

Name two Eastern European countries from which people migrated to Britain after the Cold War.

Many migrants to Britain came from Eastern European countries such as Poland and Hungary.

How did the break-up of Yugoslavia in the 1990s affect migration to Britain?

In the 1990s Yugoslavia broke up in a series of violent wars. People fled fighting in places like Bosnia and Kosovo, and Britain accepted some as refugees.

What is a refugee?

A refugee is someone forced to leave their country because of war, violence or serious danger.

What is an asylum seeker?

An asylum seeker is a person who asks another country for protection as a refugee. They must wait while that country decides on their case.

How did patterns of migration to Britain change after the end of the Cold War?

After the Cold War, more migrants to Britain came from Eastern and Central Europe and from new war zones. Earlier in the 1900s, many migrants had come mainly from Britain's former empire.

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