Cecil Rhodes and Empire-Building Flashcards

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Who was Cecil Rhodes?

Cecil Rhodes was a British businessman and politician who helped expand the British Empire in southern Africa in the late 1800s.

How did Cecil Rhodes first make his fortune in South Africa?

He made his fortune from diamond mining at Kimberley and helped create the De Beers company, which controlled most of the world’s diamond trade.

What did Cecil Rhodes believe about the British Empire?

He believed that British people were superior and that Britain had a duty to rule other parts of the world, so he wanted to spread British power as widely as possible.

What political role did Cecil Rhodes have in southern Africa?

He was Prime Minister of the Cape Colony from 1890 to 1896 and used his position to support British settlers and expand British control.

What was the British South Africa Company (BSAC)?

It was a company set up by Rhodes that was given permission by the British government to rule and control land in central and southern Africa in Britain’s name.

What was Rhodesia and why was it named after Cecil Rhodes?

Rhodesia was a large area in central southern Africa taken over by the BSAC in the 1890s, named after Cecil Rhodes; it roughly covered what is now Zimbabwe and Zambia.

What was Cecil Rhodes’s Cape to Cairo plan?

He wanted a line of British territory and a railway running from the Cape Colony in the south of Africa up to Egypt in the north, joining British colonies all the way.

How did Rhodes and the BSAC gain control of land from African rulers?

They used treaties that African leaders often did not fully understand and sent armed forces to crush resistance when local people fought back.

How did Rhodes’s empire-building affect African people living in the areas he controlled?

Many Africans lost their land and cattle, were pushed into reserves, and had to work for low pay in mines and on white-owned farms under strict controls.

What was the Jameson Raid and how did it affect Cecil Rhodes?

The Jameson Raid in 1895 was a failed attempt, planned by Rhodes, to invade the Boer-run Transvaal and spark a rising by British settlers; it failed, and Rhodes was blamed and forced to resign as Prime Minister of the Cape Colony.

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