Cross-Channel Power in England and France Flashcards

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What does the term “cross-Channel power” mean in Norman England and France?

It means kings and nobles held power on both sides of the English Channel, in England and in parts of France.

How did the Norman Conquest in 1066 create cross-Channel power?

William became both King of England and Duke of Normandy, so he ruled land in England and in France.

Why was William I both a king and a duke at the same time?

He was King of England after 1066 and also Duke of Normandy, a French region his family already ruled.

Why did the King of England have to show loyalty to the King of France?

For his French lands, like Normandy, he was a vassal of the French king and had to do homage to him.

How did cross-Channel power affect where the king spent his time?

The king had to travel back and forth across the Channel to deal with problems in both England and Normandy.

How did cross-Channel power lead to the movement of people?

Norman knights, barons and churchmen moved from France to England, and some English people also went to Normandy.

Why did many nobles hold land in both England and Normandy?

The king rewarded his Norman followers with English land, so they owned estates on both sides of the Channel.

What problems could cross-Channel power cause for nobles?

Nobles with land in both kingdoms had divided loyalties and risked losing land if they angered either king.

How did cross-Channel power affect trade?

It encouraged trade across the Channel, as goods, money and people moved more easily between England and Normandy.

Why were ships and Channel ports important for cross-Channel power?

Kings needed safe ports and strong fleets to move armies, officials and messages between England and France.

How did kings try to defend their cross-Channel lands?

They built and garrisoned castles, kept loyal sheriffs and used troops on both sides of the Channel.

Why was cross-Channel power important for later English claims in France?

Ruling Normandy gave English kings a base and a reason to claim more land and influence in France in later years.