Gandhi and Indian Independence Flashcards

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Who was Mahatma Gandhi?

Mahatma Gandhi was a leader of the Indian independence movement who used peaceful protest to try to end British rule in India.

What does the term satyagraha mean in Gandhi’s campaigns?

Satyagraha means "truth force" and was Gandhi’s idea of resisting unfair rule through non-violent protest and refusing to obey unjust laws.

How did the Amritsar massacre in 1919 affect Gandhi’s attitude to British rule?

The Amritsar massacre shocked Gandhi and many Indians and helped convince him that British rule was cruel and should be ended through mass non-cooperation.

What was the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920–1922) led by Gandhi?

The Non-Cooperation Movement was Gandhi’s campaign asking Indians to boycott British goods, law courts, schools and honours to show they rejected British rule.

Why did Gandhi encourage Indians to spin and wear homespun cloth (khadi)?

Gandhi encouraged spinning and khadi to boycott British cloth, support Indian workers and show that India could be self-reliant.

What happened during Gandhi’s Salt March in 1930?

In 1930 Gandhi walked about 380 kilometres to the sea and made salt in defiance of the British salt tax, starting a wave of peaceful arrests and protests.

What methods did Gandhi use to protest against British rule?

Gandhi used non-violent methods such as marches, boycotts, strikes, refusing to pay some taxes and accepting arrest without fighting back.

What was the Quit India Movement in 1942?

The Quit India Movement was a campaign led by Gandhi and the Congress Party during the Second World War, demanding that Britain leave India at once.

What was Gandhi’s view on Hindu–Muslim relations during the struggle for independence?

Gandhi wanted Hindus and Muslims to work together for independence and he opposed the idea of dividing India along religious lines.

When did India gain independence and what happened to Gandhi soon after?

India became independent in 1947 and was split into India and Pakistan. In 1948 Gandhi was assassinated by a Hindu extremist who opposed his views on peace and unity.

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