Nkrumah and Kenyatta and African Independence Flashcards

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Who was Kwame Nkrumah?

Kwame Nkrumah was a nationalist leader from the Gold Coast. He led the country to independence and became the first prime minister of Ghana in 1957.

What happened to the Gold Coast in 1957?

In 1957 the Gold Coast gained independence from Britain and was renamed Ghana. It was the first country in West Africa to break free from British rule.

What party did Nkrumah create and what did it want?

Nkrumah formed the Convention People's Party (CPP). It demanded "self-government now" and wanted full independence from Britain as soon as possible.

How did Nkrumah use "positive action" to push for independence?

Nkrumah used "positive action" by organising strikes and protests. This non-violent pressure helped push the British to grant independence.

Who was Jomo Kenyatta?

Jomo Kenyatta was a Kenyan nationalist who campaigned against British rule. He later became the first prime minister and then president of independent Kenya.

Why was land a cause of tension in Kenya under British rule?

In Kenya, many white settlers took the best farming land. Many African people lost land and felt angry, which helped to fuel protests against British rule.

What was the Mau Mau uprising?

The Mau Mau uprising was a violent rebellion in Kenya in the early 1950s. Some groups, mainly from the Kikuyu people, fought against British rule and white settlers.

How did the British government respond to the Mau Mau uprising?

The British declared a state of emergency and sent in the army. They set up camps and arrested thousands of Kenyans, including Jomo Kenyatta, who was accused of supporting Mau Mau.

When did Ghana and Kenya gain independence from Britain?

Ghana gained independence in 1957, and Kenya gained independence later in 1963.

How was the path to independence different in Ghana and Kenya?

Ghana won independence mainly through political pressure and elections, so it was mostly peaceful. Kenya's road to independence involved a violent uprising and a long emergency before talks with Britain.

How did independence in Ghana and Kenya affect the rest of Africa?

It showed that Britain was willing to give up empire. It encouraged other African colonies to demand independence too.

What link did Nkrumah and Kenyatta have with Britain before they led independence movements?

Both men spent time in Britain to study and work. There they met other activists and learned ideas that later helped their campaigns for independence.

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