Liberal Social Reforms and Early Welfare Ideas Flashcards

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Which political party introduced the main social reforms in Britain between 1906 and 1914?

The Liberal Party, elected in 1906, introduced the main social reforms between 1906 and 1914.

What is meant by a ‘welfare’ or ‘social’ reform?

A welfare or social reform is a new law or action by the government to improve people’s lives, for example by helping with health, food or money.

Give one reason why the Liberal government decided to introduce social reforms after 1906.

They were worried about poverty and poor health, which had been shown by studies and by the weak health of army recruits in the Boer War.

What did the 1906 Free School Meals Act allow local councils to do?

It allowed local councils to give free hot meals to poor children in primary schools, so that they were better fed and healthier.

What was the main purpose of the 1907 School Medical Inspections?

The 1907 law made health checks in schools compulsory, so doctors and nurses could spot illness and problems in children early.

Why is the 1908 Children and Young Persons Act sometimes called the ‘Children’s Charter’?

It gave children special protection in law, for example by making neglect and cruelty a crime and by banning under-16s from pubs and buying cigarettes.

Who benefited from the 1908 Old Age Pensions Act?

People over 70 with low incomes received a small weekly pension from the government, so they did not have to rely on the Poor Law or workhouses.

What did the 1909 Labour Exchanges Act set up to help unemployed people?

It set up labour exchanges, which were early job centres where unemployed people could find out about job vacancies more easily.

How did Part 1 of the 1911 National Insurance Act help workers when they were ill?

Workers, employers and the government each paid into a fund. If a worker fell ill, they got sick pay and free treatment from a panel doctor.

What did Part 2 of the 1911 National Insurance Act provide for certain workers?

It gave unemployment insurance to some workers in risky trades, so they received money for a limited time if they lost their jobs.

Name one limitation of the Liberal social reforms of 1906–1914.

Many people were not covered, such as most women and children in terms of insurance, and the benefits like pensions and sick pay were quite small.

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