Macronutrients and Micronutrients Flashcards

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What are macronutrients?

Nutrients needed in large amounts for energy and growth: carbohydrate, protein and fat.

What are micronutrients?

Nutrients needed in small amounts to keep the body working well: vitamins and minerals.

What is the main role of carbohydrates in sport?

They are the body's main energy source, especially for high-intensity exercise.

What is glycogen?

Stored carbohydrate in the muscles and liver, ready to be used for energy.

What is the main role of protein?

To build and repair body tissues, especially muscles.

What is the role of fats in exercise?

They act as a long-term energy store and fuel low-intensity, long-duration activity.

What is the difference between simple and complex carbohydrates?

Simple carbs give quick energy; complex carbs release energy slowly and often contain fibre.

Which vitamin helps the body absorb calcium?

Vitamin D.

What are the fat-soluble vitamins?

Vitamins A, D, E and K.

What does vitamin C help with?

It supports the immune system and helps with healing.

Which mineral is needed to carry oxygen in the blood?

Iron, which is part of haemoglobin.

Which mineral helps build strong bones and teeth?

Calcium.