Reliability and Validity Flashcards

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What does reliability mean in psychology?

u003cdiv style=u0022display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; height: 45vh; text-align: center; font-size: 20px;u0022u003eu003cspan style=u0022color: #000000;u0022u003eGetting the same or very similar results each time a study or test is repeated.u003c/spanu003eu003c/divu003e

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What does validity mean in psychology?

u003cdiv style=u0022display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; height: 45vh; text-align: center; font-size: 20px;u0022u003eu003cspan style=u0022color: #000000;u0022u003eMeasuring what you intend to measure and giving accurate results.u003c/spanu003eu003c/divu003e

What is test-retest reliability and how is it checked?

u003cdiv style=u0022display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; height: 45vh; text-align: center; font-size: 20px;u0022u003eu003cspan style=u0022color: #000000;u0022u003eYou give the same test to the same people twice, with a gap. If the scores are similar, the test is reliable.u003c/spanu003eu003c/divu003e

What is inter-observer reliability?

u003cdiv style=u0022display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; height: 45vh; text-align: center; font-size: 20px;u0022u003eu003cspan style=u0022color: #000000;u0022u003eWhen two or more observers record the same behaviour in the same way. High agreement means high reliability.u003c/spanu003eu003c/divu003e

How can you improve inter-observer reliability?

u003cdiv style=u0022display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; height: 45vh; text-align: center; font-size: 20px;u0022u003eu003cspan style=u0022color: #000000;u0022u003eUse clear behavioural categories, train observers together, and do a pilot to practise.u003c/spanu003eu003c/divu003e

What is internal validity?

u003cdiv style=u0022display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; height: 45vh; text-align: center; font-size: 20px;u0022u003eu003cspan style=u0022color: #000000;u0022u003eWhether the results are due to the thing being tested and not other factors. Good control makes internal validity high.u003c/spanu003eu003c/divu003e

What is external validity?

u003cdiv style=u0022display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; height: 45vh; text-align: center; font-size: 20px;u0022u003eu003cspan style=u0022color: #000000;u0022u003eHow well the findings can be generalised to other people, places, and times.u003c/spanu003eu003c/divu003e

What is ecological validity?

u003cdiv style=u0022display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; height: 45vh; text-align: center; font-size: 20px;u0022u003eu003cspan style=u0022color: #000000;u0022u003eA type of external validity about real life. Do the results apply to everyday settings?u003c/spanu003eu003c/divu003e

What is face validity?

u003cdiv style=u0022display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; height: 45vh; text-align: center; font-size: 20px;u0022u003eu003cspan style=u0022color: #000000;u0022u003eOn the surface, does the test look like it measures the right thing? If yes, it has face validity.u003c/spanu003eu003c/divu003e

What is concurrent validity?

u003cdiv style=u0022display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; height: 45vh; text-align: center; font-size: 20px;u0022u003eu003cspan style=u0022color: #000000;u0022u003eComparing a new test with a well-known test of the same thing. Similar results show the new test is valid.u003c/spanu003eu003c/divu003e

How can you increase reliability in a study?

u003cdiv style=u0022display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; height: 45vh; text-align: center; font-size: 20px;u0022u003eu003cspan style=u0022color: #000000;u0022u003eUse standardised procedures, clear instructions, and the same equipment each time.u003c/spanu003eu003c/divu003e

How can you improve the validity of a study?

u003cdiv style=u0022display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; height: 45vh; text-align: center; font-size: 20px;u0022u003eu003cspan style=u0022color: #000000;u0022u003eControl other variables, use realistic tasks or settings, and run a pilot to fix problems.u003c/spanu003eu003c/divu003e