Labelling Theory Flashcards

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What is labelling theory in crime and deviance?

It says behaviour is seen as deviant because others label it that way.

Which sociologist is most linked to labelling theory?

Howard Becker.

What does Becker mean by “deviance is created by social reaction”?

A behaviour is not deviant by itself. It becomes deviant when people and agencies react and label it.

What is a label in sociology?

A tag or name given to someone, like “troublemaker” or “criminal”.

What is a self-fulfilling prophecy in this topic?

When a person accepts a label and then acts in ways that fit that label.

What is a master status?

A main label, such as “criminal”, that overrides other parts of someone’s identity.

What is a deviant career?

A path where someone keeps offending after being labelled, because the label shuts off normal chances.

What is primary deviance?

Minor rule-breaking that is not publicly labelled and has little effect on identity.

What is secondary deviance?

Rule-breaking that happens after labelling and becomes part of how the person sees themselves.

Who are moral entrepreneurs?

People who try to make or enforce rules, which can create new labels and deviance.

What does labelling theory say about law enforcement?

It is selective. Police and courts may focus more on some groups because of stereotypes.

How can labelling affect crime statistics?

They may show who gets caught and labelled, not all the crime that happens.