Strain Theory Flashcards

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What does Strain Theory say about why people commit crime?

Some people turn to crime when they cannot reach goals legally.

Who developed Strain Theory?

Robert K. Merton, a sociologist.

In Strain Theory, what are society’s approved goals?

Material success and status.

In Strain Theory, what are the approved means to reach goals?

Education, hard work and legal jobs.

What is anomie in Merton’s theory?

A breakdown of shared rules caused by a gap between goals and means.

What can create strain for some groups?

Blocked chances, such as poverty or unfair treatment, that limit legal routes to success.

Name Merton’s five adaptations to strain.

Conformity, innovation, ritualism, retreatism and rebellion.

What is conformity in Strain Theory?

Accept the goals and use approved, legal means.

What is innovation in Strain Theory?

Accept the goals but use illegal or unapproved means, so crime may occur.

What is ritualism in Strain Theory?

Give up on the goals but keep following the rules and routines.

What is retreatism in Strain Theory?

Reject both goals and means and drop out of ordinary life.

What is rebellion in Strain Theory?

Reject current goals and means and try to replace them with new ones.