Class Inequality in Families Flashcards

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What does social class mean in sociology?

It is a way of grouping people and families by job, income, education and status.

How can social class affect a family’s income and spending?

Families in higher social classes often have more income for savings and extras. Families in lower social classes may have to prioritise basics like rent, food and bills.

What is material deprivation?

Not having enough money or things most families need for everyday life. It can mean no quiet study space, no laptop or cramped housing.

What is cultural capital?

Knowledge, language and skills that help in school and work. Middle-class parents often pass it on through books, trips and talk.

What is social capital in families?

Useful contacts and networks that give advice and chances. For example, a parent’s friend might help with a job or school place.

How can class shape parenting styles?

Sociologists find patterns. Middle-class parents often plan clubs and talk to teachers a lot; working-class parents may use more direct rules and have fewer paid clubs due to cost.

How can class affect children’s education at home?

Middle-class families are more likely to have books, internet and tutoring. Poorer families may lack these, making homework harder.

How can housing vary by class and affect families?

Low-income families are more likely to face overcrowding or damp. This can harm sleep, health and study.

How can class affect health in families?

Poverty links to stress, worse diet and shorter life expectancy. This can cause more illness and time off school or work.

How can class shape childcare and parents’ work patterns?

Low-paid shift work can make childcare hard and irregular. Higher-paid jobs may allow flexible hours or paid childcare.

What are life chances, and how does class link to families?

Life chances are chances to get good education, jobs and health. Class can raise or lower these chances for children in a family.

How can extended family support differ by class?

Working-class families may rely more on relatives for childcare or money. Middle-class families may buy services or use paid clubs.

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