Brain Injuries Flashcards

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Note: We may include questions that have multiple correct answers. It's useful to remember specific examples to understand these concepts better.

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What is a brain injury?

Damage to the brain that changes how it works.

Name two common causes of brain injury.

A blow to the head and a stroke.

What problems can damage to the cerebral cortex cause?

It can affect memory, language or behaviour.

What happens if the cerebellum is damaged?

Balance and coordination get worse. Movements become shaky or clumsy.

Why can damage to the medulla oblongata be life-threatening?

It controls breathing and heart rate. Damage can stop these vital functions.

What is a stroke and how does it harm brain cells?

A clot or bleed cuts off blood to part of the brain. Without oxygen and glucose, cells die.

What is a concussion and what are two common symptoms?

A mild brain injury from a knock to the head. Common symptoms are headache and dizziness.

How can a brain tumour cause symptoms?

It grows and presses on brain tissue. This stops the area from working well.

What is paralysis and how can a brain injury cause it?

Paralysis is loss of movement. Damage to motor areas blocks signals to muscles.

Why is it difficult to treat brain injuries?

The brain is complex and delicate. Nerve cells repair slowly. Surgery can harm healthy areas. Many drugs cannot cross the blood-brain barrier.