Hormones of the Menstrual Cycle Flashcards

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Which two hormones from the pituitary control the menstrual cycle?

FSH and LH. FSH is follicle-stimulating hormone. LH is luteinising hormone.

Which two hormones are made by the ovaries?

Oestrogen and progesterone.

What is the main job of FSH?

It makes a follicle mature and starts oestrogen release.

What does oestrogen do to the uterus lining?

It rebuilds and thickens the lining after a period.

How does oestrogen affect FSH and LH?

It slows FSH. At high levels it triggers a big rise in LH.

What does LH do in the menstrual cycle?

It triggers ovulation, the release of an egg.

What is progesterone's main job after ovulation?

It keeps the uterus lining thick and ready for a fertilised egg.

How does progesterone affect FSH and LH?

High progesterone stops FSH and LH. This prevents another egg maturing.

What happens to hormone levels and the uterus lining if no fertilisation occurs?

Progesterone falls. The lining breaks down and a period starts.

Which hormone rises at the start of a new cycle, and why?

FSH rises to start maturing a new follicle.

Where in the ovary is progesterone made?

In the corpus luteum, formed after ovulation.