The Process of Genetic Engineering Flashcards

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What is the first step in the process of genetic engineering?

Identify and isolate the gene for the desired characteristic.

They cut DNA at specific sequences to remove or open DNA.

It makes matching sticky ends so the pieces can join.

Short, single-stranded DNA overhangs that help two DNA pieces stick.

A carrier that moves the gene into a host cell, such as a plasmid or virus.

A small circular bacterial DNA that copies easily and is easy to modify.

DNA ligase, which seals the DNA to make recombinant DNA.

DNA made by joining DNA from different sources, like a human gene in a plasmid.

The vector is inserted into cells (transformation), for example by heat shock or an electric pulse.

Marker genes are used, such as antibiotic resistance or fluorescence, so only modified cells are kept.

They are grown to clone the cells so the gene is copied and the new protein is made.

A DNA switch that turns the gene on so it works in the host.