The Effects of Smoking Flashcards

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What are the main harmful substances found in cigarette smoke?

The main harmful substances in cigarette smoke are nicotine, carbon monoxide and tar.

What is nicotine and why is it harmful?

Nicotine is an addictive chemical in tobacco products that can lead to physical dependence. It increases heart rate, narrows blood vessels, and raises blood pressure, increasing the risk of heart disease.

How does carbon monoxide affect the body?

Carbon monoxide replaces oxygen in the body, reducing the oxygen available to cells and tissues, which can cause symptoms like headache, dizziness and nausea, and lead to serious health problems like brain damage and heart disease.

What effect does tar have on the lungs?

Tar coats and damages the cilia in the lungs, making it difficult to remove mucus. This can lead to ‘smoker’s cough,’ bronchitis, and emphysema, making it hard to breathe.

What are the diseases caused by smoking-related lung damage?

Smoking can cause bronchitis, which inflames the bronchi lining, and emphysema, which destroys air sacs in the lungs. Both make breathing difficult.

How does smoking increase the risk of cancer?

Smoking increases the risk of cancer in the lungs, throat, and mouth due to the presence of carcinogens in cigarette smoke.

Revision Notes
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