The Respiratory System Flashcards

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What are the two gases exchanged in the respiratory system?

The two gases exchanged in the respiratory system are oxygen and carbon dioxide.

What are the main components of the respiratory system?

The respiratory system contains two lungs, tubes leading from the mouth and nose to the lungs, and chest structures that move air in and out of the lungs.

What happens to air after it is inhaled through the nose and mouth?

Air travels down the trachea, moves into the bronchi, then into smaller bronchioles, and finally reaches the alveoli in the lungs.

What occurs during inhalation?

During inhalation, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract, causing the ribcage to move outwards and upwards. This increases lung volume and decreases lung pressure, drawing air into the lungs.

What occurs during exhalation?

During exhalation, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, causing the ribcage to move downwards and inwards. This decreases lung volume and increases lung pressure, forcing air out of the lungs.

How can you measure lung volume?

To measure lung volume, exhale forcefully into a measuring cylinder filled with water, then mark and calculate the volume of air exhaled by subtracting the initial water volume from the final volume.

Revision Notes
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