The Simple Atomic Model

An atom is a unit of matter which is made up of protons, electrons and neutrons.

Everything is made up of atoms. They are the smallest particle of an element and the most basic unit of matter. Atoms are far too small to see, even with a microscope.

In the centre of the atom, there is a structure called the nucleus, which is made up of protons and neutrons. The nucleus is positively charged due to the protons. The majority of the atomic mass is in the nucleus.

The electrons surround the nucleus, orbiting the nucleus in circular structures known as electron shells. The electrons have a negative charge and almost no mass.

ParticleChargeRelative mass
Proton+11
Neutron01
Electron-1Almost 0

The overall charge of an atom is neutral. This is due to atoms having the same number of electrons and protons.