STIs Including HIV/AIDS Flashcards

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Note: We may include questions that have multiple correct answers. It's useful to remember specific examples to understand these concepts better.

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What does STI stand for, and what does it mean?

STI stands for sexually transmitted infection. It is an infection that spreads from person to person by sexual contact.

How are most STIs passed from one person to another?

Most STIs spread through unprotected sex, when body fluids such as semen or vaginal fluids pass from one person to another.

Give two examples of STIs.

Examples include chlamydia, gonorrhoea and HIV. Any two of these are correct.

What is HIV and what type of pathogen causes it?

HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. It is a virus that infects the body.

How can HIV be spread between people?

HIV can spread by unprotected sex, sharing infected needles, from an infected mother to her baby, and through infected blood.

What does HIV do to the immune system?

HIV infects and destroys some white blood cells. This weakens the immune system so it is harder to fight infections.

What is AIDS and how is it linked to HIV?

AIDS is Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. It is the late stage of HIV infection when the immune system is badly damaged and many infections can occur.

How do condoms help to reduce the spread of STIs including HIV?

Condoms act as a barrier during sex. They stop body fluids mixing, so they help to stop STIs spreading.

Why is testing for STIs important, even if a person has no symptoms?

Some STIs have no symptoms at first, so a person may not know they are infected. Testing allows early treatment and helps stop the infection spreading to others.

How is HIV treated, and why is it not usually called a cure?

HIV is treated with antiretroviral drugs, which slow down the virus so people can live longer, healthier lives. The virus is still in the body, so it is not a cure.

How are many bacterial STIs, such as chlamydia, usually treated?

Many bacterial STIs are treated with antibiotics. The full course must be taken to make sure the bacteria are killed.

What can happen if some STIs are left untreated?

Untreated STIs can cause long-term problems such as pain, infertility, and passing the infection to a baby during birth.