Single-Gene Inheritance Flashcards

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In biology, what does ‘single-gene inheritance’ mean?

Single-gene inheritance is when just one gene controls a characteristic.

What is an allele in single-gene inheritance?

An allele is a different version of the same gene.

How many alleles for each gene does a person have in their body cells, and where do they come from?

They have two alleles for each gene in body cells: one from their mother and one from their father.

How many alleles for each gene does a gamete (sex cell) contain in single-gene inheritance?

A gamete contains one allele for each gene.

What is the difference between a dominant allele and a recessive allele in single-gene inheritance?

A dominant allele shows its effect even if there is only one copy. A recessive allele only shows its effect if there are two copies and no dominant allele.

What does homozygous mean for a single gene?

Homozygous means having two of the same alleles for a gene, such as AA or aa.

What does heterozygous mean for a single gene?

Heterozygous means having two different alleles for a gene, such as Aa.

What is meant by the genotype for a single gene?

The genotype is the combination of alleles an organism has for that gene, for example AA, Aa or aa.

What is meant by the phenotype in single-gene inheritance?

The phenotype is the characteristic that is seen, such as whether a trait is present or not, which depends on the genotype.

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