Transpiration Flashcards

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What is transpiration in plants?

Transpiration is the loss of water vapour from a plant’s leaves, mainly through the stomata.

Water is lost as water vapour, which is water in a gas form.

Most transpiration happens through stomata, tiny pores usually found on the underside of the leaf.

The transpiration stream is the continuous flow of water from the roots, up through the xylem, to the leaves.

Water is absorbed by root hair cells, moves up through the xylem in the stem, then reaches the leaves and is lost by transpiration.

Water evaporates from the surface of leaf cells into the air spaces, then diffuses out through the stomata.

When water evaporates from the leaves during transpiration, it removes heat, which cools the plant.

As water is pulled up in the transpiration stream, it carries dissolved mineral ions from the roots to the rest of the plant.

Transpiration helps pull water into the plant, keeping cells full of water and turgid so the plant stays upright.

Stomata open to let in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, and as a side effect, water vapour escapes, causing transpiration.

When stomata are open, more water vapour can diffuse out so transpiration is faster; when they close, transpiration slows down.