White Blood Cells Flashcards

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What are white blood cells?

White blood cells are cells in the blood that are part of the immune system. They help protect the body from disease by attacking pathogens.

Where are most white blood cells found in the body?

Most white blood cells are found in the blood, mixed with red blood cells and platelets. They can also move into body tissues where there is an infection.

How are white blood cells different from red blood cells?

White blood cells have a nucleus and are usually larger and fewer in number. Red blood cells have no nucleus and mainly carry oxygen.

What are the two main types of white blood cell you need to know at GCSE?

The two main types are phagocytes and lymphocytes.

What is the main job of phagocytes?

Phagocytes surround, swallow and break down pathogens to destroy them.

What is the main job of lymphocytes?

Lymphocytes make antibodies that help destroy specific pathogens. They can also make antitoxins that neutralise toxins.

How do white blood cells tell that a pathogen is different from normal body cells?

Pathogens have different molecules, called antigens, on their surface. White blood cells can detect these foreign antigens.

What usually happens to your white blood cell count when you have an infection?

The number of white blood cells in your blood usually goes up, because your body makes more to fight the infection.

How can white blood cells reach an infected cut in your skin?

They travel in the blood and can squeeze through capillary walls. This lets them move into the tissue around the cut.

Why is a person with very few white blood cells more likely to get ill?

They have a weaker defence against pathogens, so their body cannot fight infections as well.