The Menstrual Cycle Flashcards

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Note: We may include questions that have multiple correct answers. It's useful to remember specific examples to understand these concepts better.

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What is the menstrual cycle?

The menstrual cycle is a monthly change in a female body. The uterus lining builds up and then may break down.

About how long is a typical menstrual cycle?

A typical menstrual cycle lasts about 28 days. It can be a bit shorter or longer in different females.

What is meant by menstruation or a period?

Menstruation or a period is when the thick lining of the uterus comes out of the body. Blood and tissue pass out through the vagina.

What happens to the uterus lining at the start of the cycle (around days 1–5)?

At the start of the cycle, the old uterus lining breaks down. It leaves the body as a period.

What happens to the uterus lining after a period?

After a period, a new uterus lining starts to grow. It becomes thick and full of blood to receive a fertilised egg.

What is ovulation?

Ovulation is when an ovary releases a mature egg. The egg moves into the oviduct (fallopian tube).

On about which day of a 28-day cycle does ovulation usually happen?

In a 28-day cycle, ovulation usually happens around day 14. This is about halfway through the cycle.

What happens if the egg is fertilised after ovulation?

If the egg is fertilised, it may attach to the thick uterus lining. It can then start to grow into an embryo. No period happens.

What happens if the egg is not fertilised after ovulation?

If the egg is not fertilised, it dies. The thick lining is not needed, so it breaks down. It is lost as the next period.

Why is the menstrual cycle important for reproduction?

The menstrual cycle is important because it prepares the uterus each month. This lets a fertilised egg grow into a baby.

When does the menstrual cycle usually begin in a girl’s life?

The menstrual cycle usually begins at puberty. For many girls this is between 11 and 15 years old.

What is counted as day 1 of the menstrual cycle?

Day 1 of the menstrual cycle is the first day of bleeding. It is the start of a period.