Biological Molecules: Carbohydrates Flashcards

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What are carbohydrates?

Carbohydrates are molecules in food that the body uses mainly for energy.

Which three elements are found in carbohydrate molecules?

Carbohydrates are made from carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

What is the main job of carbohydrates in living organisms?

Their main job is to provide a source of energy for cells.

What is a simple sugar and give one example?

A simple sugar is a small carbohydrate molecule, for example glucose.

What is a complex carbohydrate and give one example?

A complex carbohydrate is made of many simple sugars joined together, for example starch.

How do plants store carbohydrates?

Plants store carbohydrates as starch, for example in seeds and roots.

How do animals, including humans, store carbohydrate?

Animals store carbohydrate as glycogen in the liver and muscles.

What is cellulose and where is it found?

Cellulose is a carbohydrate that makes up plant cell walls.

How are complex carbohydrates formed from simple sugars?

Many simple sugar molecules join in long chains to form complex carbohydrates.

Why do more active people need more carbohydrate in their diet?

They need more carbohydrate so their cells can release more energy in respiration.