Neurones Flashcards

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What is a neurone?

A specialised nerve cell that carries electrical impulses in the nervous system.

Name the three main types of neurone.

Sensory neurones, relay neurones and motor neurones.

What does a sensory neurone do?

It carries impulses from receptors in sense organs to the central nervous system (CNS).

What does a relay neurone do?

It carries impulses within the CNS, between sensory neurones and motor neurones.

What does a motor neurone do?

It carries impulses from the CNS to effectors such as muscles or glands.

What is a nerve impulse?

An electrical signal that travels along a neurone.

In what order does an impulse pass through parts of a neurone?

From the dendrites, through the cell body, then along the axon to the nerve endings.

Name three main parts of a typical neurone.

The cell body with a nucleus, the dendrites, and the axon.

How are neurones adapted to carry signals over long distances?

They are very long and have branched endings, so they can carry impulses far and connect to many cells.

Why is it useful for a neurone to have many branched endings (dendrites)?

Because they let the neurone connect with many other neurones or with many receptor cells.

What is the role of the cell body in a neurone?

It holds the nucleus and controls the activities of the neurone.

Where are relay neurones found in the body?

They are found inside the brain and spinal cord, which make up the CNS.