Mineral Ion Uptake Flashcards

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What is a mineral ion in the context of plants?

A mineral ion is a charged particle, such as nitrate or magnesium, that is dissolved in soil water and can be taken up by roots.

From where do plant roots get mineral ions?

Plant roots get mineral ions from the water in the soil, where the ions are dissolved.

Which root cells take up most mineral ions, and why are they good at this?

Root hair cells take up most mineral ions because they have a large surface area in contact with the soil.

What process do plants use to take in mineral ions from the soil?

Plants use active transport to take in mineral ions from the soil.

Why is active transport needed for mineral ion uptake instead of only diffusion?

Active transport is needed because the concentration of some mineral ions is lower in the soil than inside the root, so ions must be moved into the root against the concentration gradient.

What does active transport of mineral ions need from the cell?

Active transport needs energy from respiration, which is released by mitochondria in the root cells.

Why do plants need nitrate ions?

Plants need nitrate ions to make amino acids and proteins, which are needed for growth.

What is one sign that a plant is deficient in nitrate ions?

A plant with nitrate deficiency often has poor growth and yellowing of older leaves.

Why do plants need magnesium ions?

Plants need magnesium ions to make chlorophyll, the green pigment needed for photosynthesis.

What is one sign that a plant lacks magnesium ions?

A plant lacking magnesium often has leaves that turn yellow between the veins, especially older leaves.

How can farmers or gardeners increase the amount of mineral ions in the soil?

They can add fertilisers that contain needed mineral ions such as nitrate, phosphate and potassium.

Once absorbed, how are mineral ions transported to the rest of the plant?

The mineral ions move with the water in the xylem to the stems and leaves.

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