Xylem Flashcards

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What is xylem tissue?

Xylem is a plant transport tissue made of long tubes. It carries water and dissolved mineral ions around the plant.

Xylem carries water and dissolved mineral ions, such as nitrates, from the roots to the rest of the plant.

Water in the xylem moves one way only. It goes up from the roots, through the stem, to the leaves.

The cells are dead and hollow so there is a clear, wide tube. This lets water flow easily without being slowed down by cell contents.

Lignin makes the walls thick and strong. This stops the tubes from collapsing when water is pulled up the plant.

The transpiration stream is the flow of water from the roots, up through the xylem, to the leaves, driven by water evaporating from the leaf surface.

Xylem is found in the centre of roots, in bundles in the stem, and in the veins of leaves.

Water is taken in from the soil by root hair cells. It then moves through the root into the xylem vessels.

The thick, lignified xylem tubes act like a skeleton. They help hold the stem upright and support the leaves.

Without end walls or cytoplasm, the xylem forms one long open tube. This gives more space and less resistance for water to flow.