Genotype and Phenotype Flashcards

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Note: We may include questions that have multiple correct answers. It's useful to remember specific examples to understand these concepts better.

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What is a genotype?

A genotype is the set of alleles an organism has for a gene.

What is a phenotype?

A phenotype is the observable feature or trait that an organism shows.

How does genotype affect phenotype?

The genotype gives instructions that usually decide which phenotype develops.

Where in the cell is the genotype stored?

It is stored in the DNA, which is found in chromosomes in the nucleus.

Give one example of a human phenotype.

Examples include eye colour, hair colour, blood group or ability to roll the tongue.

Can two organisms with the same genotype for a gene show different phenotypes? Why?

Yes. Conditions like diet, light or exercise can change how the trait develops.

Can two different genotypes give the same phenotype? Give a simple example.

Yes. For eye colour, both genotypes BB and Bb can give brown eyes.

What is meant by an inherited phenotype?

It is a trait mainly caused by genes passed from parents to offspring.

When is an individual’s genotype first formed?

At fertilisation, when the egg and sperm join and their genes combine.

Why is it useful to distinguish between genotype and phenotype?

It helps scientists work out which traits are controlled by genes and how they are inherited.