Biodiversity and Why It Matters Flashcards

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Note: We may include questions that have multiple correct answers. It's useful to remember specific examples to understand these concepts better.

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What is biodiversity?

Biodiversity is the variety of different living organisms in an area. It includes how many species there are and how many individuals of each species.

Name the three main levels at which biodiversity can be described.

Biodiversity can be described at three levels: genetic diversity, species diversity and ecosystem (habitat) diversity.

Which has higher biodiversity: a tropical rainforest or a wheat field, and why?

A tropical rainforest has higher biodiversity. It has many more different species of plants and animals than a wheat field, which is mostly one crop species.

How does high biodiversity help keep an ecosystem stable?

High biodiversity means there are many species that depend on each other. If one species dies out, others can fill its role, so the ecosystem is more stable.

Give two examples of useful resources for humans that come from biodiverse ecosystems.

Biodiverse ecosystems provide resources such as food (like fruits and fish) and materials (like wood and fibres).

How can biodiversity lead to new medicines?

Many medicines are made from chemicals in plants and microorganisms. The more species there are, the more chance of finding new useful medicines.

What is genetic variation within a species?

Genetic variation is the small differences in genes between individuals of the same species.

Why is genetic variation within a species important?

Genetic variation helps a species adapt to changes, such as new diseases or climate change. Some individuals may survive and reproduce, keeping the species going.

What is meant by an ecosystem service?

An ecosystem service is a useful job that nature does for us, such as pollinating crops, cleaning water or recycling nutrients.

Give one reason why loss of biodiversity is a problem for future generations.

Loss of biodiversity could remove species that might provide future foods, medicines or materials, and it can make ecosystems less stable.

What is one ethical (moral) reason for wanting to conserve biodiversity?

Many people believe all species have a right to exist. They think humans have a duty to protect other living things.

How can high biodiversity benefit tourism and recreation?

Areas with high biodiversity, such as coral reefs or rainforests, attract tourists and provide places for recreation, which can bring money to local people.

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