Antibiotics and Bacterial Infection Flashcards

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  • Make sure you understand the information on each card. If something's unclear, click the link to the revision notes at the bottom of the page for more details.

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Note: We may include questions that have multiple correct answers. It's useful to remember specific examples to understand these concepts better.

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What is meant by a bacterial infection?

A bacterial infection is an illness caused when harmful bacteria get into your body and multiply.

How do bacteria make you feel ill?

They multiply quickly in your body and make toxins that damage your cells.

What is an antibiotic?

An antibiotic is a medicine that kills bacteria or stops them growing, without harming your body cells.

How do antibiotics treat bacterial infections in the body?

They kill the bacteria or stop them multiplying, so your immune system can clear the infection.

Why do antibiotics not work against viruses such as flu?

Viruses live and reproduce inside your body cells, so antibiotics cannot easily reach or target them.

What is penicillin, and where was it first found?

Penicillin is an antibiotic that was first discovered in a mould called Penicillium.

Why must you finish the whole course of antibiotics your doctor gives you?

Some bacteria may still be alive, so stopping early can let the infection come back.

How can scientists test which antibiotic is best against a certain bacteria?

They grow the bacteria on agar jelly and put paper discs with different antibiotics on it. The biggest clear area round a disc shows the most effective antibiotic.

Give two examples of illnesses that are often treated with antibiotics.

Examples include some chest infections, some types of meningitis, and urinary tract infections.

Name one possible side effect of taking antibiotics.

Antibiotics can cause side effects such as diarrhoea, feeling sick, or an allergic rash.