Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Flashcards

1️⃣ Familiarise yourself with the flashcards:

  • Look through all the flashcards to see what's on both sides.
  • Make sure you understand the information on each card. If something's unclear, click the link to the revision notes at the bottom of the page for more details.

2️⃣ Test yourself:

  • Look at the question or prompt on each card and try to remember the answer before flipping it over.
  • Check the answer and make a note of any cards you find challenging and need to go over more.

3️⃣ Consistently Review and Practice:

  • Use spaced repetition: spend more time on the cards you struggle with and go over them more often.
  • Regularly review all the flashcards to help you better understand and retain the information over time.

Note: We may include questions that have multiple correct answers. It's useful to remember specific examples to understand these concepts better.

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What is diabetes?

Diabetes is a disease where a person’s blood glucose level stays too high because their body cannot control it properly.

In Type 1 diabetes, what is wrong with insulin production?

In Type 1 diabetes the pancreas makes little or no insulin, so glucose cannot move well from the blood into cells.

What mainly causes Type 1 diabetes?

Type 1 diabetes is mainly caused when the immune system attacks and destroys insulin‑producing cells in the pancreas.

In Type 2 diabetes, what is wrong with the body’s response to insulin?

In Type 2 diabetes body cells do not respond properly to insulin, and often the pancreas does not make enough insulin.

Name two risk factors for developing Type 2 diabetes.

Two risk factors for Type 2 diabetes are being overweight or obese and not taking enough exercise.

Which type of diabetes usually starts in childhood or teenage years?

Type 1 diabetes usually starts in childhood or in young people.

Which type of diabetes is more strongly linked to lifestyle factors?

Type 2 diabetes is more strongly linked to lifestyle, such as diet and activity levels.

Give three common symptoms of untreated diabetes.

Common symptoms are feeling very thirsty, passing urine a lot, and feeling very tired; weight loss and blurred vision can also happen.

How is Type 1 diabetes usually treated?

Type 1 diabetes is treated with regular insulin injections or an insulin pump, plus careful diet, blood glucose monitoring and exercise.

How is Type 2 diabetes usually treated at first?

Type 2 diabetes is first treated by losing weight if needed, eating a healthier diet, doing more exercise, and sometimes taking tablets to lower blood glucose.

What serious long‑term health problems can poorly controlled diabetes cause?

Poorly controlled diabetes can damage blood vessels and nerves, leading to eye problems, kidney disease, heart disease and a higher risk of stroke.

How can people with diabetes check if their blood glucose is in a safe range?

They can test a drop of blood with a glucose meter or use a sensor that checks their blood glucose levels often.

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