Acids, Alkalis and Neutralisation Flashcards

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What is an acid?

An acid is a substance that forms an acidic solution in water and can react with alkalis and some metals.

Give two examples of common acids you might meet in everyday life.

Lemon juice, which contains citric acid, and vinegar, which contains ethanoic acid.

What is an alkali?

An alkali is a base that dissolves in water and can neutralise an acid.

Give two examples of common alkalis used at home.

Soapy water and many oven cleaners are examples of everyday alkalis.

What is meant by a neutral solution?

A neutral solution is neither acidic nor alkaline.

What is neutralisation?

Neutralisation is the reaction between an acid and an alkali (or base) to make a salt and water.

Write the general word equation for the neutralisation of an acid by an alkali.

acid + alkali → salt + water

What happens to an acidic solution as you add more alkali to it?

It becomes less acidic and, if enough alkali is added, it can become neutral.

How does an indigestion tablet help if your stomach has too much acid?

The tablet contains an alkali that neutralises some of the excess stomach acid.

How can farmers reduce the acidity of soil that is too acidic for crops?

They spread a base such as powdered lime over the soil to neutralise the extra acid.