pH and Hydrogen Ion Concentration Flashcards

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What does the pH value of a solution measure?

It shows how acidic or alkaline a solution is. It is based on its hydrogen ion concentration.

What pH value shows that a solution is neutral?

A neutral solution has pH 7.

What range of pH values shows that a solution is acidic, and what does this tell you about hydrogen ions?

Acidic solutions have pH values less than 7. They have a higher hydrogen ion concentration than neutral water.

What range of pH values shows that a solution is alkaline, and what does this tell you about hydrogen ions?

Alkaline solutions have pH values greater than 7. They have a lower hydrogen ion concentration than neutral water.

How are pH and hydrogen ion concentration linked?

When pH goes down, hydrogen ion concentration goes up. When pH goes up, hydrogen ion concentration goes down.

By what factor does hydrogen ion concentration change when the pH changes by 1 unit?

Each 1-unit change in pH means the hydrogen ion concentration changes by a factor of 10.

A solution has pH 3 and another has pH 5. How many times more hydrogen ions does the pH 3 solution have?

It has 100 times more hydrogen ions. A 2-unit drop in pH is 10 x 10.

A solution has pH 9 and another has pH 7. Which has the higher hydrogen ion concentration, and by how much?

The pH 7 solution has the higher hydrogen ion concentration. It has 100 times more than the pH 9 solution.

What is a hydrogen ion, written as H+?

It is a hydrogen atom that has lost its electron. This leaves it with a single positive charge.

What is the usual unit for measuring hydrogen ion concentration in chemistry?

We measure it in moles per cubic decimetre. This is written as mol/dm³.