Titrations and Calculations Flashcards

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What is a titration used for in chemistry?

A titration is used to find the unknown concentration of an acid or alkali by reacting it with a solution of known concentration.

Which three main pieces of apparatus are used to measure liquids accurately in an acid–alkali titration?

A pipette to measure a fixed volume, a burette to add one solution drop by drop, and a conical flask to hold the solution being tested.

In a titration, why must one of the solutions have a known concentration?

Because you use its known concentration and volume to work out the number of moles, which then lets you calculate the concentration of the unknown solution.

What is meant by the end point of a titration?

The end point is when the reaction between the acid and alkali is just finished and the indicator changes colour to show this.

Why is universal indicator not usually used in titrations?

Universal indicator changes colour over a wide pH range, so the change is gradual and hard to judge. Single indicators like phenolphthalein or methyl orange have a sharp colour change at the end point.

What is a titre in a titration and how is it found?

The titre is the volume of solution added from the burette. It is found by subtracting the initial burette reading from the final reading.

What are concordant results in a titration and why are they important?

Concordant results are titres that are very close together, usually within 0.10 cm³. They are important because they show the titration was done carefully and the average volume is reliable.

What formula links number of moles, concentration and volume for a solution?

Number of moles = concentration (in mol/dm³) × volume (in dm³).

How do you convert a volume in cm³ into dm³ for titration calculations?

Divide the volume in cm³ by 1000. For example, 25.0 cm³ = 0.0250 dm³.

What are the main steps to calculate an unknown concentration from titration data?

1) Convert all volumes from cm³ to dm³. 2) Use moles = concentration × volume for the solution of known concentration. 3) Use the balanced equation to find the moles of the unknown solution. 4) Divide moles by its volume (in dm³) to get its concentration.

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