Particle Motion Flashcards

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  • Make sure you understand the information on each card. If something's unclear, click the link to the revision notes at the bottom of the page for more details.

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Note: We may include questions that have multiple correct answers. It's useful to remember specific examples to understand these concepts better.

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How do particles move in a solid?

In a solid, particles are very close together and only vibrate about fixed positions. They cannot move past each other.

How do particles move in a liquid?

In a liquid, particles are close together but can move around each other. They can change places, so the liquid can flow.

How do particles move in a gas?

In a gas, particles are far apart and move very quickly in all directions. They can spread out to fill all the space available.

In which state of matter do particles move fastest and in which do they move slowest?

Particles move fastest in gases and slowest in solids. In liquids, their speed is in between.

What happens to the motion of particles when a substance is heated?

When a substance is heated, its particles gain energy and move faster. They collide more often and with more force.

What happens to the motion of particles when a substance is cooled?

When a substance is cooled, its particles lose energy and move more slowly. They collide less often and with less force.

What does the term "kinetic energy" of particles mean?

Kinetic energy is the energy a particle has because it is moving. Faster moving particles have more kinetic energy.

What is meant by "random motion" of particles?

Random motion means particles move in many directions with no set pattern. Their paths change each time they collide.

What is Brownian motion and what does it show about particles?

Brownian motion is the random, jerky movement of tiny bits, like pollen or smoke, in a liquid or gas. It shows that particles in the liquid or gas are moving and hitting them.

How does the motion of gas particles cause gas pressure?

Gas particles move quickly and collide with the walls of their container. Each collision pushes on the wall, and many collisions together create gas pressure.

Revision Notes
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