Group 1 Trends and Reactions Flashcards

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What special name is given to the elements in Group 1 of the periodic table?

They are called the alkali metals.

Name the first three alkali metals in order from the top of Group 1.

Lithium, sodium and potassium.

Why are Group 1 elements called alkali metals?

Because they form alkaline (alkali) solutions when they react with water.

Describe two physical properties of Group 1 metals.

They are soft (can be cut with a knife) and they have low density, so they can float on water.

How does the reactivity of Group 1 metals change as you go down the group?

The metals become more reactive as you go down the group.

What is the general word equation for the reaction of a Group 1 metal with water?

Metal + water → metal hydroxide + hydrogen.

What are the products when sodium reacts with water?

Sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas are formed.

Give two observations you might see when a small piece of sodium is added to cold water.

It floats and moves on the surface, and it fizzes as hydrogen gas is made.

How does potassium’s reaction with water compare to lithium’s reaction with water?

Potassium reacts more quickly and vigorously than lithium and may ignite, but both float and fizz.

What is the general word equation for the reaction of a Group 1 metal with oxygen?

Metal + oxygen → metal oxide.

Why are Group 1 metals such as sodium stored under oil?

To stop them reacting with oxygen and water in the air.