Making Salts (PAG C7) Flashcards

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Note: We may include questions that have multiple correct answers. It's useful to remember specific examples to understand these concepts better.

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In chemistry, what is meant by a salt?

A salt is a compound made when the hydrogen in an acid is replaced by a metal or ammonium ion.

What products are made when an acid reacts with a metal oxide?

The reaction makes a salt and water.

What products are made when an acid reacts with a metal carbonate?

The reaction makes a salt, water and carbon dioxide gas.

Why is the solid base (like a metal oxide) added in excess when making a soluble salt from an acid?

It is added in excess to make sure all the acid is used up so the solution is neutral.

Describe the main steps to make a soluble salt from an acid and an insoluble base.

Warm the acid, add the solid base until no more reacts, filter off the extra solid, then heat and cool the filtrate to form crystals.

What is crystallisation in a salt-making experiment?

Crystallisation is forming solid crystals from a solution as some of the water is removed or the solution cools.

Why should you not boil the salt solution completely dry when making crystals?

If you boil it dry the salt can decompose or form a powder instead of nice crystals.

What is a precipitation reaction when making salts?

It is a reaction where two solutions are mixed and an insoluble solid salt forms and separates from the liquid.

How do you make an insoluble salt using two soluble salts?

You mix the two salt solutions, an insoluble salt forms as a solid, then you filter, wash and dry it.

What equipment is used to separate a solid salt from a liquid by filtration?

A filter funnel with filter paper and a beaker or conical flask are used for filtration.

Why is the solid precipitate washed with distilled water after filtration?

It is washed to remove any leftover solution so the salt is more pure.

What is the main aim of a making salts practical?

The aim is to prepare a pure, dry sample of a named salt using a suitable method.

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